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Arkitektura E Kompjuterit: A Book Review

Arkitektura E Kompjuterit (Computer Architecture) is a book written by Agim Ãami, a professor of computer science at the University of Tirana, Albania. The book was published in 2011 by Lulu.com and has 254 pages. It is written in Albanian language and covers the main concepts and principles of computer architecture, such as arithmetic and logic operators, instruction structure, CPU functioning, micro-machines, pipeline processors, memory hierarchy, cache memory, CPU-peripheral interface, interrupts, DMA, I/O processors, etc.

The book is intended for students and professionals of computer science who want to learn the basics of computer architecture. The book explains the concepts in a clear and concise way, using diagrams, tables and examples. The book also includes exercises and questions at the end of each chapter to test the reader's understanding.

The book is available in PDF format online from various sources[^1^] [^2^] [^3^]. It can also be purchased as a paperback from Lulu.com. The book has received positive reviews from readers who praised its content, style and usefulness. The book is considered to be one of the best resources on computer architecture in Albanian language.

In this article, we will review some of the main topics covered in the book Arkitektura E Kompjuterit by Agim Ãami. We will also provide some examples and applications of the concepts discussed in the book.

Arithmetic and Logic Operators

Arithmetic and logic operators are the basic building blocks of computer architecture. They perform operations on binary data, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and, or, not, xor, etc. The book explains how these operators are implemented using combinational and sequential circuits, such as half-adders, full-adders, multiplexers, registers, etc. The book also shows how these operators can be used to perform complex calculations, such as floating-point arithmetic and decimal arithmetic.

Instruction Structure

Instruction structure is the way that instructions are organized and encoded in a computer. The book describes the different types of instruction formats, such as fixed-length, variable-length, RISC, CISC, etc. The book also explains the different types of instruction components, such as opcode, operands, addressing modes, etc. The book illustrates how these components affect the performance and functionality of a computer.

CPU Functioning

CPU functioning is the process of executing instructions by a computer. The book describes the different stages of instruction execution, such as fetch, decode, execute, memory access, write back, etc. The book also explains the different types of CPU architectures, such as single-cycle, multi-cycle, pipelined, superscalar, etc. The book demonstrates how these architectures improve the speed and efficiency of a computer.

Micro-Machines

Micro-machines are small and simple computers that can perform a limited set of instructions. The book introduces the concept of micro-machines and shows how they can be designed and implemented using microcode, microinstructions, micro-operations, etc. The book also compares the advantages and disadvantages of micro-machines versus hardwired machines.

Pipeline Processors

Pipeline processors are computers that can execute multiple instructions simultaneously by dividing them into different stages. The book explains the principles and techniques of pipeline processing, such as instruction pipelining, data pipelining, instruction-level parallelism, data hazards, control hazards, etc. The book also discusses the challenges and solutions of pipeline processing, such as pipeline stalls, pipeline flushing, branch prediction, etc.

Memory Hierarchy

Memory hierarchy is the organization and management of memory in a computer. The book describes the different types and levels of memory, such as registers, cache, main memory, secondary memory, etc. The book also explains the different characteristics and parameters of memory, such as capacity, access time, cost, etc. The book illustrates how memory hierarchy affects the performance and cost of a computer. 061ffe29dd